Java Testing Software - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 18 Words: 5324 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category IT Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Testing Issues in Java Technology INTRODUCTION: Software testing is the method of examining software, to confirm that it satisfy its necessities and to identify errors. Software testing is an experimental examination which is conducted to afford stakeholders with information about the quality of the product or service under test, with respect to the context in which it is intended to operate. Testing can never entirely establish the exactness of computer software. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Java Testing Software" essay for you Create order As an alternative, it provides an analysis or a relationship that compares with the state or behavior of the product against a specification. Over its survival, computer software has sustained to grow in convolution and dimension. Testing in the world of Java technology proposes many distinctive and dissimilar challenges. Todays Java engineers are not only faced with multiple platforms, but also the scalability issues like limited memory, nonstandard input, network traffic considerations which are encountered with an increasing array of Java technology-based computational devices—from Java Rings, to telephones, to set-top boxes. Because of dealing with many different platforms, and many different types of devices the tests are written in the Java programming language. An automatic software testing is a software function which is used to authenticate that a particular unit of source codes is running as expected. Software testing can be written as: †¢ Unit Tests; â₠¬ ¢ Integration Tests; or †¢ Acceptance Tests. The report also gives an overview of the role of these technologies in Java testing. (ece.cmu.edu) Integration Testing: Integration tests is used to test integration of several classes as against to testing classes in isolation. Mainly in J2EE environments like Web or EJB container gives a more important functionality, hence integration testing has to be conducted in a container. This would test interaction across different application tiers like access to database, EJBs and also other resources. Integration test is occasionally done by Programmers but not as frequently as unit test. Acceptance Tests: Acceptance Test is explained as the group of tests which guarantee the contract between the application API and end user. These tests are done for the completed and deployed application. It is used to check each use-case in which the application is supported. It provides less test coverage and it is main in testing i ntegration of application tiers such as containers and web servers. These tests are done by Quality Assurance testers and not by developers as test operates on external Application Programming Interfaces. Unit Tests Checking of the Developed Project, Programmers write unit tests to verify their own code. Unit testing vary from integration testing, which works well together, and acceptance testing, works according to the customers requirements. Unit testing is the testing mechanism which is used to test a single unit of code. In the case of Java, a unit testing that frequently connects to a distinct class. A unit test is fully automatic, non interactive, and dual ie, it moreover succeeds or be unsuccessful. By executing the code and verifying the output is not a testing. Neither instead of writing a small â€Å"test driver† that neither drives the code nor allows checking logs to see if its working correctly. Unit testing is the code which is written, as a good thing sin ce it leads to higher-quality code, higher productivity, and lower maintenance with good evolution costs. The following report will analyze various Unit Testing technologies like JUnit, TestNG and JTiger. (devx.com) JUnit: JUnit is a unit testing method which is simple and open source frame work for regression testing released by IBM under common license version 5.0 and to write and run repeatable tests on the Java programming language it was hosted on the source forge.Junit is a instance of Xunit architecture which was used for unit testing framework , XUnit was developed by Erich Gamma and Kent Beck. Knowledge and Experience gained with JUnit is very use full in developing test driven application development, and due to this knowledge of JUnit is in use in test driven development. JUnit is also ported to other programming languages like PHP, C#,python, Fortran, Perl,and C++. It is used as PHPUnit in PHP, Nunit in C#, PyUnit in Python , fUnit in Fortran , Test::Class and Test ::Unitin Perl and CPPUnit in C++ . All this unit testing frameworks family is collectively reffered as XUnit. Now recently due to the development of new client frameworks like AJAX, Junit has also been developed for use in java script as JSUnit.Junit improves the quality of code and increases the speed of programming. (en.Wikipedia.org) Junit Features include: API for Easily creating Java test Cases Assertions for testing expected results verify expected versus actual result Test fixtures to share test data commonly Test runners to run tests For forums and mailing lists. Aggregating tests (suites) Junit Mechanics: Define a subclass of TestCase. Override the setUp() tearDown()methods. Define one or more public testXXX()methods Exercise the object(s) under test. Asserts the expected results. Define a static suite() factory method Create a TestSuite containing all the tests. Optionally define main() to run the TestCase in batch mode. JUnit Extensions: JUnitReport -Apache Ant extension task -Uses XML and XSLT to generate HTML Cactus -Simple unit testing framework for server side Java coding JWebUnit -Framework for creating acceptance testing for web based applications XMLUnit Provides an XMLTestCase class which enables assertions to be made about the Content and structure of XML MockObject double agent used to test the behavior of other objects Dummy object which mimics the external behavior of a true implementation observes how other objects interact with its methods and compares actual behavior with preset expectations StrutsTestCase testing code based on the Struts framework (javapassion.com) TestNG: TestNG is an annotation-driven Java unit testing framework inspired by JUnit and NUnit which aims to overcome many limitations of JUnit. TestNG isnt just really powerful, innovative, extensible, and flexible; it also illustrates an interesting application of Java Annotations, a great new feature in JDK 5.0. TestNG is designed in such away that it covers all categories in testing like:   unit, functional, end-to-end, integration, etc(testng.org) TestNG Features include: Annotations; no mandatory naming patterns for test methods or extending classes Also Supports Java doc annotations for Java 1.4 Powerful test-fixture set-up and tear-down options JDK 5 Annotations JDK 1.4 also supports JavaDoc annotations. Test configuration is flexible. Data driven testing support using @Data Provider. Parameters support. Distribution of tests in slave systems is allowed. Execution model is much Powerful no need of Test Suite. It is supported many plug-ins and variety of tools like Eclipse, Maven, IDEA, etc. By Embedding with Bean Shell improves flexibility. JDK functions are available by default for logging and runtime. Methods for testing of application server. TestNG Mechanics: Write the business logic of the test and insert TestNG annotations in the code. Adds informations about the test in testng.xml file or in a build.xml (eg. class name etc). Execute TestNG. JTiger: JTiger is a framework for unit testing and has tools for Java 2 Platform. It gives useful abstraction for writing unit test cases and fixtures. Functionalities provided by JTiger is most desired in unit testing of softwares. Generally Test-Driven Development is encouraged by JTiger development, though it is not mandatory, and any unit testing technique in software development is sufficient. Many features of Java Programming Language 1.5 is heavily used by JTiger like Generics, variable argument lists, annotations, etc,. JTiger also encourages users to do documentation of unit test cases and fixtures to give a robust and easy maintain regression harness and unit test. Published and documented API is provided by JTiger frame work if there is a need for extending the functionality. The ability to run the test cases written by using JUint framework is a good example of extending JTiger framework. As a part of JTiger framework JUnit plugin implementation classes are included. (en.Wikipedia.org) JTiger Features include: JTiger makes every effort to ensure a robust unit test harness by providing a rich set of tools, and a reliable, usable framework on which to develop unit test cases. JTiger is an implementation that is based on improvements in software development methodologies, such as eXtreme Programming (XP), which have matured since their inception. JTiger has been implemented using the same techniques that it encourages, specifically, Test Driven Development. JTiger includes its own unit test and regression harness with 100% method coverage. This aids in new or modified requirements for JTiger that arise in the unforeseen future. The JTiger source code base has been designed to ensure the absolute maximum possible amount of decoupling of components and encapsulation such that future enhancements will not have a negative impact on future versions on JTiger. (userdoc.com) JTiger System Requirements: JTiger requires that tests are executed using a Java Virtual Machine version 1.5 or higher. This does not mean that the code under test must be written using Java 1.5 language features. The software under test may target any JVM version such as 1.2, 1.3 or 1.4. It is merely the test run that must execute under a JVM version 1.5. JTiger is capable of executing test cases that have been written using the JUnit test framework. JTiger Extensions: JTiger future development is being investigated. Some of the features and topics that are under review include the development of a swing GUI interface from which to execute unit test cases, the development of IDE (Integrated Development Environment) plugins for Eclipse, and Intellij IDEA, and the possibility of a mock objects package that mocks J2SE and J2EE core classes. (userdoc.com) Testing Of Java Language Recommended By Other Companies: Microsoft Java Virtual Machine Support: To be familiar with the need is to afford a smooth evolution for present users of the Mi crosoft ® Java Virtual Machine (MSJVM), Sun Microsystems and Microsoft have agreed to widen Microsofts license to use Suns Java source code along with their compatibility test cases and the test suites. (microsoft.com) Open Quality Program to Improve the Quality of Java Software: Agitar: This Software has declared a new multi-vendor scheme committed to take very careful attention on the testing side to improve the efficiency and the quality of java software packages. Based on the Open Quality Program, Agitar software has published a wide range of unit level testing metrics in its own products, It has even including a formal weekly build results on its future unannounced new products and the new trends over time. The Agitar software has also published these software testing metrics for many popular open source software Java projects, which including JUnit, Hibernate, Cruise Control, Struts, spring, and even lot of other commercial products which is based on the open source s uch as the Oracles BerkeleyDB Java edition and JasperSofts JasperServer. (qthreads.com) Recent Testing News on upcoming Java products: Java Graphical User Interface Testing Tool Known as Squish is Supporting the New Eclipse Ganymede version 3.4 Five weeks Two days ago(2008-07-08) Germany BasedHamburg( froglogic GmbH )has announced today , to give support for automated the testing of new Java Rich Client Platform the RCP applications which is based on the new Eclipse version 3.4 release code that is named as Ganymede. The Squish GUI for Java is a leading functional Graphical User Interface and also regression testing tool which is enabling the execution, creation and Modification of automated Graphical User Interface tests for Java programming on AWT/Swing and SWT/RCP applications. The Squish GUI, and all the other all tests created with this, are completely made as cross-platform software and work on almost all the top leading operating systems like the Windows Operating Systems, Linux Operating Systems, Unix Operating Systems, and Mac Operating Systems X and even also on the embedded Linux. The support for testing Eclipse Version 3.4 the latest one, RCP Software applications has been completed and it is also available wi th the just newly released GUI Squish version 3.4. The availability of the third party tools, like the Graphical User Interface testing tools, is very important for the open source Eclipse community to increase it demand. The resent glad news is to see froglogic has very quickly adopting the new Eclipse version releases with its Testing GUI Squish tool, said Mr. Mike Milinkovich, Who is the Executive Director of the Company Eclipse Foundation. The new Ganymede version release is said to be another very important and great release of the Company Eclipse community which has make it even more easy, attractive and flexible for the application developers who uses it. The Quickly integrated support for testing tools on Eclipse software version 3.4 applications with the new GUI Squish tool has been a new and great logical step for the company, said Mr. Harri Porten, platform chief of froglogics company. Squish software offers a multipurpose testing based framework for Graphical User Interf ace (GUI) applications with a base choice of the popular test scripting languages like Perl , Python, Tcl, TSL and JavaScript, VBScript extended by the new test specific functions scripts, lot of new open interfaces, many add-ons, with integrations to the test management tools, a new powerful Integrated Development Environment (IDE) aiding the selecting, creation and finally debugging of the tests and a collection of command line testing tools and the test management integrations facilitating the fully automated test runs on the applications. Contact email: [email  protected]/* */ or visit the URL: www.froglogic.com/squish to get an evaluation pack or to purchase the GUI Squish for the java Application or to know more about the product. Squish GUI tool also supports automated testing of java applications based on GUI technologies like as Trolltechs Qt, Swing-AWT, and Qtopia, also supports Web technologies DOM, HTML, AJAX, DHTML Mac OS X Carbon/Cocoa , JavaScript and other technol ogies also. (embedded-computing.com) JAVA‘S ENCOURAGEMENT IN TESTING: Todays software manufacturers face a variety of challenges when creating products to meet the increasing demand for software that takes advantage of Java technology. The growing complexity and diversity of softwares—with their varying operating systems, processors, and memory configurations—increases the need for thorough testing to ensure customers will be satisfied. At the same time, service providers and manufacturers face the challenge of managing—and, if possible, lowering—internal costs caused by excessive engineering overhead, disorganized development of test cases, or the impact of new data services on support operations. The Java software Test Suite simplifies quality assurance and reduces time-to-market for Java implementations by providing comprehensive tests and a robust test manager. These enable suite users to evaluate, validate, and verify the quality of imple mentations on particular software. The Java Test Suite that helps the software manufacturers ensures their reputation for quality, while building customer satisfaction and loyalty. It helps lower engineering costs by standardizing and simplifying testing, and by minimizing the need to write quality assurance tests manually. Java is free and open. So java Testing is an important part of software development because of Open Source Testing Tools which are available in Java for an Effective testing key factor which reduces the total cost of maintenance of any application over its lifetime. Because of the reduced cost and time of development; this can increase savings on quality assurance and of course on sustaining. Without knowing when to invest in better design, in post development quality assurance, in manual tests or in automatic testing forms a basic difference between successful and unsuccessful software projects in these tough and competitive days. (newsgroups.derkeiler.com) S uns Recommendation for testing Java: Testing Java in an Object-Oriented Way To apply eXVantage (a tool suite for code coverage testing, debugging, performance profiling, etc.) to a large, complex Java application at the implementation and unit testing phases in Avaya. Two open source-based tools that can help to generate workloads for the enterprise application: SLAMD Distributed Load Generation Engine and Sun Java Studio Enterprise software. Container-Free Testing With Mockrunner Fitnesse Testing for Fast-Paced Agile Web Development JUnit Reloaded Using In-Process Testing Metrics to Estimate Software Reliability ECLIPSE IN JAVA SOFTWARE TESTING: Eclipse is a very widely used Open Source Integrated Development Environment (IDE), particularly for Java- and Web-based applications. Its very widely extensible with the use of scores of plugins available to help in developing these applications, so here I would like to discuss some of the plugins available for software testing. Eclipse TPTP (an evolution of Eclipses prior Hyades project) is an Open Source collaborative project that seeks to provide a common platform upon which specialized, differentiated, and interoperable offerings for software test and performance tools are created. TPTP, which stands for Test and Performance Tools Platform, supplies extensible frameworks and services for test and performance tools that are used throughout the application lifecycle, from development through production. It also delivers extensible exemplary tools that verify the utility of, illustrate the appropriate use of, and support the development and ma intenance of the platform itself. (freshmeat.net) TPTP This provides a reference implementation of the recent UML2 Testing Profile based upon the Eclipse Modeling Framework (EMF). For logging and tracing, TPTP employs the Common-Base-Event (CBE) Format, which defines the structure of events in a unifying format. Data pools are a concept which appears to be innovative for testing in Eclipse. A datapool contains data usable during a test run. Data pools are stored in a comma-separated file and can be displayed as an Excel-alike data sheet. Test cases can load datapools in the setUp() method and use the dedicated iterations to retrieve cell values for evaluation purposes. Separating test data from the tests themselves appears to be new functionality. Test Deployment requires the allocation of test artifacts to test locations. These locations can also be workbench locations. Through the concept of service abstraction, the Automatable services framework introduces a Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) concept to TPTP. The framework introdu ces a layered architecture in which a client at a lower layer employs a model adapter to employ a service provided at a higher layer. Automation Client Adapters allow normal Java programs to consume Eclipse services. These adapters can launch a headless Eclipse from a specified Eclipse home, and are available through the tptp-automation-client jar. Various properties are made available through this API (e.g., the project property specifying a specific project in the workspace of the Eclipse instance). (freshmeat.net) Solex Web Application Testing with Eclipse Solex is a free open source Web application testing tool built as a plug-in for the Eclipse IDE. It provides functions to record a client session adjust it according to various parameters and replay it later typically in order to ensure non regression of the applications behaviour (with stress testing capabilities being added at a later stage). By recording, we mean that Solex acts as an HTTP proxy and records all HTTP requests and responses going through the wire between a Web client (eg. a Web browser) and a Web server. The task of replaying a scenario consists in sending the previously recorded and eventually customized HTTP requests to the server and asserting each response. Solex 0.5.0 works with Eclipse Release 2.1.2, Build id: 200311030802 and Solex 0.5.3 works with Eclipse Release 3.1.1, Build id: M20050929-0840. (Solex.com) Unit testing Checking of the Developed Project, Programmers write unit tests to verify their own code. Unit testing vary from integration testing, which works well together, and acceptance testing, works according to the customers requirements. Unit testing is the testing mechanism which is used to test a single unit of code. In the case of Java, a unit testing that frequently connects to a distinct class. A unit test is fully automatic, non interactive, and dual ie, it moreover succeeds or be unsuccessful. By executing the code and verifying the output is not a testing. Neither instead of writing a small â€Å"test driver† that neither drives the code nor allows checking logs to see if its working correctly. Unit testing is the code which is written, as a good thing since it leads to higher-quality code, higher productivity, and lower maintenance with good evolution costs. (devx.com) Unit Testing in Eclipse Using JUnit Unit Testing in Eclipse 3.1 move towards through the JUnit mechanism which was constructed in the Workplace. Eclipse permits a quick creation of test case class and also to provide a testing suite class to write the testing codes in. By means of Eclipse, we use a Test Driven Development (TDD) which suit for a very simple mechanism to systematize and implement. The class which we wanted to test is created at 1st and so that the Eclipse finds a class that is underneath test and construct the test case class. The test cases are constructed with the desired trade in and expansion for JUnit to Execute. The test case classes are constructed with the real test case and then it is coded in through the programmer. The formation of test suite in Eclipse is still simpler. By designing a test suite, Eclipse will specify a name for specifying all of the test cases in the scope of the project. The code is to Execute test suites and to add test cases in the created software is added to the test s uites. (open.ncsu.edu) JUnit Naming Convention: Testing Cases and Classes: Named with [classnames]First.java, hear classname is being tested for the classnames. Testing Cases with Test Methods: Name test [methodnames], where methodnames are the method name to test. Applying Test Suites: Eclipse which has a default name as First.java It is a well known thought-out for a good performance in testing, and to split the test case code from the application code. It is also a good idea which is to separate the JUnit and FIT tests as well. (open.ncsu.edu) EMPIRICAL i.e. STATISTICS AND NON-EMPIRIC TESTING: Empirical testing: Similar to theoretical tests, there is one more test called empirical test; which is being done by computers. As per the computer point of view ‘empirical means ‘experiments with certain PRNG. The generator itself is treated as black box; only the sequence of PRNs is generated and is taken for evaluating the test statistic. In order to find the empirical test, one has to implement the PRNG and the test statistic. The limitations of empirical testing are commonly proposed by the amount of time and memory needed due to the complexity of the computations. (random.mat.sbg.ac.at) Non-empirical testing: Non-empirical testing deals with non-parametric statistical models and non-p arametric inference, including non-parametric statistical tests. Nonparametric methods which are often referred as distribution free methods, since they do not rely on assumptions in which the data are drawn from a given probability distribution. Non-parametric statistic can be explained as a statistic (a function on a sample) whose interpretation does not depend on the population fitting any parameterized distributions. The example for one such statistic is order statistics; which plays a vital role in many non-parametric approaches. (en.wikipedia.org) Applications and purpose: For studying populations that has been taken on a ranked order (such as movie reviews receiving one to four stars) is called Non-parametric methods. The uses of non-parametric methods may be necessary, when the data has a ranking but no clear numerical interpretation, such as when assessing the preferences. Usually non-parametric methods make fewer assumptions; other than the parametric methods, depend s upon their applicability. In particular, they may be applied in situations where less is known about the application in question. Non-parametric methods are more robust due to the reliance on fewer assumptions and simplicity. Non-parametric methods may be easier to use in certain cases, when the use of parametric methods is justified. As per some statisticians, non-parametric methods are not useful because of their simplicity and greater robustness leading to leave less room for improper use and misunderstanding. (en.wikipedia.org) Recommendations: Example of a JAVA Based Application: The Table below represents an example security standard for a Java application; and mentions the type of software testing used in each controls. These Kind of security standard in applications will define how exactly the application security functionalities will behave. TYPE Questions Unit Integration Acceptance Input Validation Whether all the user inputs are proper in length and data type? X X X Authorization of Application Whether the application properly controls the accessing privileges? X X Storage Whether authentication privileges are stored securely? X Manipulation Whether application enforces its access controls? X X Special Characters Whether special characters are handled securely? X X X Error Messages Whether error message generic? X X Legacy data Whether data are removed? X It is clear that the Above Types can be tested more on using functional than, integration testing techniques. Lesser security functionality is tested by Unit tests, as lot of security functionality are provided in other modules like, web server and web container. The following sections will provide more details on performing security based tests in unit test, integration test and acceptance test: Testing in Unit Tests: Testing of classes and methods individually provides a best approach to functionality testing of codes. A unit test has to be performed on classes and methods individually without a any dependency on the other methods and classes. This issue gives limitation to the types of security tests which has to be performed, Hence this is going to test is going to be executed in very early stage of the development process. Testing Independently: Unit tests should only depends on the single independent class and it should not depend on Composition class or any base classes Testing Vulnerability: The number of security Types that are been verified by using the unit tests depends mainly on the security services implemented in that application. Input Validation Testing Example: Validating the user Phone Number sample code using java and JUnit framework public class AccountValidation extends TestCase { private AccountDetail accd = null; private Exception errors = null; public AccountValidation (String nametest) { super(nametest); } public static Test suite() { TestSuite tsuite = new TestSuite(AccountValidation.class); return tsuite; } public void setUpACC() { accd = new AccountDetail (); validator = new AccountValidator(); errors = new Exception(acc, Account); } public void ValidPhoneNumbers() { //Test On valid input String num = 3333232321; accd.setPhone(number); validatord.validated(acc, errors); assertFalse(num+ validation error., error.hasFieldError(phone)); } When security functionality are tested it is becomes most important that all the inputs data accepted are validated, and also that rejecting and handling the invalid data. And also testing the boundary exception and unexpected conditions exception is important for the security tests Discu ssion: Though security tests are implemented at the Unit level it is advisable to perform the same test at the integration and acceptance level as the tests are executed the early stages of development cycle. And many security issues in web application are not visible at single class level. Testing in Integration Tests Integration test is used to test the functionalities of collaborating classes including functionalities given by application servers. It is done by Mock objects or running test within container. There is major benefit in container testing as it test the security services provided within the container like encryption access control. More security controls can be tested in integration testing than unit testing. Testing Strategies: In general there are two ways of achieving integration test; one is by using mock objects to give mock implementation of application server Application Programming Interface and other one is by incontainer test. Specific tools f or specific containers are required for incontainer testing. Apache Cactus and TESTARE are popular choices for J2EE. Apache Cactus: Apache Cactus is a major testing tool for in-container testing of Java applications. It supports for add-ons for Ant, Eclipse, Maven and Jetty. The main disadvantage is that the container has to be started and stopped for running the test. This will take more time for running large J2EE containers. Managed Access Control Testing Examples: Verify the user access privilege sample code using java and Integrated Tests public class TestPrivControl extends TestCase { public TestPrivControl(String theName) { super(theName); } public static Test suite() { return new TestSuite(TestPrivControl.class); } public void beginAdminPrivControl(Request theRequest) { theRequest.setAuthentication(new BasicAuthentication(admin, admin)); } public void testAdminPrivControl() throws IOException, Exception { AdminServletRp admin = new AdminServletRp(); admin.doGet(request, response); } public void endAdminPrivControl(Response tResponse) throws IOException { int position = tResponse.getText().indexOf(Welcome administrator); assertTrue(Administrator can view admin, position); assertTrue(false, false); } public void testUnauthenticatedPrivControl() throws IOException, Exception { AdminServletRp admin = new AdminServletRp(); admin.doGet(request, response); } public void endUnauthenticatedPrivControl(Response tResponse) throws IOException { assertTrue(users must not be able to access admin, tResponse.getStatusCode() == 401); } public void beginUnprivilegedUserPrivControl(Request theRequest) { theRequest.setAuthentication(new BasicAuthentication(user, password)); } public void testUnprivilegedUserPrivControl() throws IOException, Exception { AdminServletRp admin = new AdminServletRp(); admin.doGet(request, response); } public void endUnprivilegedUserPrivControl(Response tResponse) throws IOException { assertTrue(Normal users must not be able to access admin, } } Discussion: Security vulnerabilities are more in integration layer and security features in the application are exposed and can be tested. Some security test performed in integration layer includes Access Control test, Authentication bypass test. Incontainer testing is most efficient form of integration testing as testing is done on application server. Testing in Acceptance Tests Acceptance testing i s an automated form of Quality Assurance testing and it is performed in the whole application, this makes testing of all security functions in applications. There is no wide test coverage like integrating testing or unit testing. This is more suitable for QA testers than programmers. Testing tools: There are many testing tools available; for Java based testing tools mainly uses HTTP functions given by J2SE API to handle the test. The popular tools like jWebUnit , HtmlUnit are used for testing. HTML injection Testing with jWebUnit: sample code using html injection public class SearchFieldTestXX extends WebTestCase { public SearchFieldTestXX(String name) { super(name); } public void setUp() throws Exception { getTestContext().settoBaseUrl(https://localhost:8080/data/); } public void htmlInjectionmethod() throws Exception { beginAt(/home.html,/index.html); assertLinkPresentWithTextin(Enter the Store data); clickLinkWithTextin(Enter the Store Data); CONCLUSION: The use of Testing in java technologies will increase in the coming years and all the latest Testing technologies that can be implemented in Java across the world. Javas use in timetabling system has shown that it is a useful tool for teaching software engineering concepts. The Java plugin for Eclipse should allow students to begin using Java more easily. It displays the results found by Java within Eclipse and allows students to quickly jump to the relevant location in the source code where each problem is found. Any tools, like Java, that can help te ach students the importance of creating secure and reliable software should be a strong component of any software engineering. REFERENCES: https://www.ece.cmu.edu/~koopman/des_s99/sw_testing.html (online) [Accessed on 04th August 2008] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JUnit (Online) [Accessed on 04th August 2008]. JUnit Testing Framework https://www.javapassion.com/javase/javajunit.pdf (Online) [Accessed on 04th August 2008]. https://testng.org/doc/documentation-main.html (online) [Accessed on 08th August 2008]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JTiger (Online) [Accessed on 04th August 2008]. https://www.userdoc.html (Online) [Accessed on 04th August 2008]. https://newsgroups.derkeiler.com/Archive/Comp/comp.lang.java.advocacy/2008-02/msg00010.html (Online) [Accessed on 05th August 2008]. https://www.Solex Web Application Testing with Eclipse.htm (Online) [Accessed on 05th August 2008]. https://open.ncsu.edu/se/tutorials/junit/ (Online) [Accessed on 05th Augus t 2008]. https://www.devx.com/Java/Article/9305 [Accessed on 06th August 2008]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-parametric_statistics [Accessed on 06th August 2008]. https://random.mat.sbg.ac.at/~ste/dipl/node20.html [Accessed on 06th August 2008] https://freshmeat.net/articles/view/3066/ [Accessed on 06th August 2008] https://www.microsoft.com/mscorp/java/default.mspx [Accessed on 12th August 2008] https://www.qthreads.com/news/latest/new_open_quality_initiative_to_improve_java_software_quality.html [Accessed on 12th August 2008] https://www.embedded-computing.com/news/db/?12402 [Accessed on 12th August 2008] Guoqing Xu Ohio Regression Test Selection for AspectJ Software State University Atanas Rountev Ohio State University IEEE 29th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE07) 0-7695-2828-7/07 $20.00 2007 Mary Jean Harrold , James Regression Test Selection for Java SoftwareA. Jones Proc. of the ACM Conf. on OO Programming, Systems, Languag es, and Applications (OOPSLA01), ACM Copyright.

Single Parent vs Two Parent Household - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1350 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/07/01 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Single Parent Essay Did you like this example? For a long time, kids who originate from single parent family units have been seen contrastingly in the public arena. Being raised by one parent appears to be difficult to many, yet throughout the decades it has turned out to be more pervasive. In the present society numerous youngsters grow up to wind up candidly steady and effective whether they have had a couple of guardians to demonstrate to them best practices to win amid the rough way that life offers to every single person. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Single Parent vs Two Parent Household" essay for you Create order The issue lies in the distinction of youngsters raised by single guardians versus kids raised by both a mother and a dad, we as a rule make the inquiries, Does a tyke require the two guardians? Does a young man require a dad figure around? Does the legislature give assistance to single guardians? What job do step-guardians and step-kin play? With much hypothesis, this point has turned into an exceptionally interesting contention. What individuals must comprehend is that legitimately bringing up a youngster does not depend on the structure of a family but rather should be more centered around the procedure or qualities that are instructed to these kids as they figure out how to develop. Offspring of single guardians can be similarly as dynamic with passionate, social and conduct aptitudes as those with two guardians. A few Individuals trust the main route for kids to increase full enthusiastic and conduct aptitudes, is to be raised by both mother and father. At the point when a subject, for example, this one has a wide measure of factors it is difficult to just connection these issues to just having one parent. In the article, Single-parent families cause adolescent wrongdoing, writer Robert L. Maginnis states, Kids from single-parent families are bound to have conduct issues since they will in general need monetary security and satisfactory time with guardians. The straightforward proclamation that crude crooks are results of single-parent immaturity is ridiculous. What this creator must comprehend, is that it is to a great degree troublesome for one parent to bring up a youngster without anyone else for some reasons. A solitary parent must work all day to bear the cost of the chance to accommodate themselves and their tyke. They should likewise have the capacity to in any case have room schedul e-wise to offer an abundant measure of passionate time for the prosperity of their youngster, be that as it may, despite the fact that this may appear to be incomprehensible, it very well may be finished. As this subject keeps on being looked down on, individuals must understand that solitary guardians are winding up more typical in this day and age. Since 1995 the American family structure for kids ages fourteen to eighteen comprises of forty-two percent living in a first marriage family with the two guardians, twenty-two percent living in a second marriage step-family, twenty-one percent living in a solitary parent, separated or isolated family, six percent living in a solitary parent never hitched family and three percent living in a solitary parent bereft family. This is an amazingly startling measurement thinking about that fifty-eight percent of kidsin America are living in a solitary parent family. This is a chilling rate since it demonstrates how little confidence is put into a relationship before really choosing to have kids. Shockingly not every single-parent set aside the opportunity to play out the indispensable undertakings expected to bring up their kids. Guardians who f igure they could never have the capacity to give passionate soundness to their kids without anyone elses input ought to have set aside the opportunity to thoroughly consider this before choosing to end up guardians. Mischances may happen now and again, however much of the time grown-ups recognize what is in question when intending to have a youngster. Plain and straightforward, in case youre not prepared, or cant offer a youngster what he or she merits from a parent, at that point dont choose to have kids. In the event that you do choose to have this kid and you cherish this youngster, at that point you can be a decent parent. There are numerous approaches to upgrade the prosperity of your tyke on the off chance that you basically put forth a concentrated effort as guardians. Magginnis later expresses that, Young men who dont have fathers as male good examples endure particularly. While it is critical for a male tyke to have his dad around, there are different methods for showing a young man the exercises he needs to wind up a man. I know from individual experience that what the writer of this article is attempting to pass on isnt right. I never had my dad around while growing up and I did in reality have numerous positive male good examples. My Grandfather was dependably there to help control me as I gradually bloomed .Anytime my mom needed to work to help us, my grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins would venture up and give the time and consideration I required. Subsequently, I had the best care group I could have had. Being a youngster with a single parent had its advantages. In spite of the fact that I came to discover how hard it truly was for her to constantly address the issues of her kid, she did the best employment that she could and gave me t he information that I expected to end up effective without the direction of my dad. I did anyway have the experience of managing a stage parent. Today, twenty-five percent of every single American kid will invest probably some energy of their growing-up a very long time in a stepfamily. This appears to be fine for single guardians since they sense that they can begin once again in another relationship and get assistance from their companion both sincerely and fiscally. A stage parent can cause disarray and passionate weight on the youngster since they have quite recently needed to conform to just a single parent and now need to change in accordance with another parental consider venturing along with the family job. Another factor of bringing a stage parent into a solitary familys life is new advance kin to coexist with. It probably wont be legitimized for a stage parent to rebuff their progression youngster like they would their own fragile living creature and blood. For whatever length of time that the two guardians have an understanding that their family starts th ings out and that it is imperative to impart among themselves and with the kids, a stage family could endure. Kids who are raised with both a mother and a dad have more consideration from the two guardians in this way they get the enthusiastic time they have to advance throughout everyday life. This could be valid however not in all conditions. It would not be helpful at all to experience childhood in a two parent family unit who did only contend and put each-other down. Normally, a tyke who sees this from an extremely youthful age until the point that they are prepared to be out individually would just follow in the strides of all that they have ever known. Kids who are raised by one parent who gives their time and feeling into their kid would profit considerably more than a tyke who has the two guardians demonstrating to them that battling and contending is worthy. Not all families are sufficiently fortunate to have a solid structure. It is essential for society and government helps to see these basic contrasts and make a move. There ought to be government supported projects to enable help to single parent families with childcare and accounts for guardians who must work and still possess energy for their kids. Regardless of whether its a mother and a dad, a single parent, or a single parent, Children require direction. They will just turn into a result of empathy that is put into raising them. Whichever family structure is inferred it must be one of regard and solid good qualities that they can some time or another pass on to their family.

The Civil Rights Movement Of America - 1609 Words

The Civil Rights movement was one of the many protests going on around the world that fought for civil liberties among mass people. All over the world countries were taking down flags that once flew through the wind, which made this the peak time to join the revolution in gaining rights for African Americans in the United States. During this time many black people were sick and tired of being told how and when to do things by a white person. Entire black communities in southern states were completely alienated. They were not allowed to use the same bathrooms, water fountains, parks, theatre’s, gas stations, restaurants, or even to sit in the front of the buss. After years of this discrimination and brutality from white people, including†¦show more content†¦Military. Since the bill was not passed by the house, Truman decided to take action into his own hands. He made the executive order to desegregate the military. This was very effective because when people are on th e battlefield they didn’t care if their support team was black or white, they just wanted to survive. It is said that in this day and age the military is the most desegregated organization that is out there. Due to these accomplishments more people were starting to speak out against their injustices. In December of 1952 the courts started to listen to the initial arguments of the most significant case in the civil rights movement. Brown v.s. The Board of Education was a case where an eight year old girl, named Linda Brown, was not allowed to go to a an all white school that was only three blocks away from home. Instead, she had to take a bus all the way to an all black school. Her father rightfully thought this was terribly unjust to his daughter. He decided to fight the Board. Lawyers found psychological evidence that aided the argument, he cited â€Å" the research of African American psychologist Kenneth B. Clark, who had studied self-esteem of black children. His work il lustrated how black children educated in segregated schools developed a negative self-image.† (Out of Many, v.2 , 8th edition, p. 631 ) The courts were divided for a long time, but after tough back and forth they finally came out of deadlock. Chief Justice Earl Warren read allowed theShow MoreRelatedThe Civil Rights Movement Of America Essay1648 Words   |  7 Pagesthe silver screens. This film changed America, it set a different tone and look for people of color, more specifically black Americans. #(CON PIECE) Injustices in America has been going on for too long. People forget that slavery was one hundred and fifty-one years ago, that segregation was fifty-one years ago. There is a need for minority voices to speak up and what better voice than a movement. The Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s provided civil rights to all people of color and #BlackLivesMatterRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement Of America1526 Words   |  7 PagesThe civil rights movement was and still is a crucial piece of American culture because it helped shaped our society to what it is today. The civil rights movement occurred at a time where Americans began to protest, in mass groups, against racial segregation and discrimination that was increasingly prominent in America. American began to think different about segregation, many did not believe in it. The civil rights movement occurred in America from the 1940s to 1960s. During this time protestorsRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement Of America1645 Words   |  7 Pages America has experienced many periods in history that shape the social system we have today. Many of our adopted attitudes and beliefs have outlined our present and nearing future into a more liberal society. Following World War II, America was placed on a pedestal admired by the world around it for success during the post-war period. America had more internal damage that was not reflective of the values the country was set on. Entering the post War period, a group of college students advocatedRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement Of America941 Words   |  4 Pagesfor not only their liberty, but the liberty of those who came before them. These can all be used to describe the Civil Rights movement; a movement that left not only many casualties, but many unanswered questions in regards to freedom in America; a q uestion that still to this day, we are trying to answer and give context to. In the point of view of many immigrants and minorities, America is considered land of greatness and triumph; where opportunities and success are guaranteed, and where one is freeRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement Of America2055 Words   |  9 PagesUnited States of America, race has been an issue. The discussion of colored people’s position in society was discussed by the founding fathers even during the creation of the Constitution. As time passed, Americans realized the hypocrisy of the idea that all people are entitled to the rights of â€Å"life, liberty, and property.† How could a country support such an idea when the vast majority of its blacks lived in lifelong enslavement? The passage of the 14th and 15th amendments after the Civil War aimed toRead MoreAmerica s Civil Rights Movement1524 Words   |  7 PagesAmerica has seen many civil rights movements. Yet, Americans cannot say that every race has gotten the civil rights many races have fought for. African American’s, in particular, have had a very hard time in America. On average a black job seeker must put in 15 applications to get a call back while whites only have to put in 10. This alone shows that America has not moved as far forward in civil and racial rights as some would like to think. To top that, African AMerican women are stereotyped andRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement in 20th Century America1738 Words   |  7 PagesThe Civil Rights Movement Until the 1950s, African Americans had experienced discrimination in all aspects of their lives. They were no longer slave, but they were definitely not equal citizens. During the 1950s and 1960s, African Americans, along with a number of other racial groups, embarked on a campaign to change this situation. This campaign challenged discrimination and fought to achieve the objective of equality that the American constitution promised for its entire people. It composed aRead More The Civil Rights Movements in Ireland and America Essay4811 Words   |  20 Pagesfaces peering over the car hood with horror and revolution in my eyes. N. Richmond is a product of the same type of oppression and violence that hacks deep into the people of N. Ireland. In the logical evolution of an oppressed people a civil rights movement was essential. â€Å"It was necessary to bravely confront our most explosive issues as a people: Racial[religious, gender, class...] hierarchy and the maldistribution of wealth and power.† 1If only for a brief moment we achieved this, at leastRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement Of The United States Of America2015 Words   |  9 PagesUntil the 19th century, no abortion laws existed in the United States of America. By the 1880s, most states had banned abortion except in cases where it was necessary to save the mother’s life. The cause of this shift in attitude can largely be attributed to the American Medical Association, founded in 1847. The organization wanted to stop unlicensed abortions by forcing the people giving them out of business. Religious leaders supported the American Medical Association’s move and worked withRead MoreEssay on How Did the Civil Rights Movement Change America?694 Words   |  3 PagesHow did the Civil Rights Movement Change America? Research Paper Amber Paschal Young Henderson Middle School Thesis This paper will explain how the civil rights movement changed America. The civil rights movement occurred to ensure African American rights, and plummeted during the 1950s and 1960s. if this movement wasn’t successful, the world would be way different than it is today. The civil rights movement was the time in America in which African

Summary Of Down The Street - 1148 Words

Down the street there is a house that shows no sign of life, but in this house in the deepest darkest nook some tiny girl cowards by. Her hair straggly, unwashed, acting as a veil to mask the dirt and grime that cakes her face. Her clothing tattered and holy, stained with urine, have not been washed in months at a time. Her stomach growls with a ferocious hunger, inducing unimaginable pain to pierce her abdomen. Days have past, causing her to forget the last time she had eaten. In this room there is no bed, only a feathered out pillow and sheet. The stench of sex, smoke, and feces saturates the sheet, leaving a foul smell to continuously linger. The paint on the wall chips, falling restlessly to the floor. During the cold nights, this is†¦show more content†¦She’s never really present and when she is, she is accompanied by several strange men at a time. There are often times they touch her while she sleeps. Other times they hit her. Then occasionally they stop even se eing her. However, they all remember her name. The little girl doesn’t know her name nor is it relevant to her. She’s 6 years old, and not once has she ever stepped foot in school let alone a playground. The woman vanished again. No water, no food, no love, no family. Children who have dwelled in neglectful and abusive households tend to become violent to their spouses and their children in later years. Inflicting the same pain that was forced on them as a child. Neglect and abuse can be combated. There are ways to fight the enemy. Early warning signs that might show that a child is being neglect and abuse are â€Å"bruises and soft tissue injuries, burns and scalds, and head and eye injuries. It also contains radiographs of fractures, necropsy photographs of children who experienced fatal abuse, and illustrations of conditions that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of physical abuse† (Phillip 1996). One of the measures that could be taken to prevent further or early childhood abuse is educational programs. It is pertinent that this kind of resource is provided to those who have already been abused. While its use in schools has significantly declined, corporal punishment by parents is legal in every state and parents

Do Social Institutions Benefit the Needs of Society or...

A social institution is an organization /social framework whose function is to meet the needs of its members by providing them direction and basic principles/rules for society. A social institution must satisfy the societies basic needs of its members. Healthcare institutions are a good example of how a social institution satisfies the basic needs of its members, these institutions are put in place to prevent the ill health of its members. These institutions must demonstrate dominant values and beliefs of the society, establish patterns of social behaviour and must define frameworks for roles for individuals and groups (gender roles). They must satisfy needs of people and groups and provide structure for people. If all these functions†¦show more content†¦This isn’t always good as this power/monetary inequality can deem less wealthy people underprivileged. In this situation social institutions hinder people from getting their needs. Armies are developed for the defen ce of societies and their nation but are often misusing the power they posses to harm others and profit from their harm. Psychologist: A psychologist would say that social institutions aim to provide safety for individuals, peace of mind and reassurance that they are in good hands. People who aren’t capable of satisfying their own needs can rely on the governments aid. For every purchase made and every dollar earned by an individual a small percentage is taken to aid the less fortunate.This gives a society unifying feeling and the idea that everyone will be taken care of. Jean Piaget would say that institutions, such as schools and daycares aid in the progression of the stages of cognitive development [Mrs.Peterman’s website, 2013]. These educational institutions create jobs for teachers, janitors, caretakers and more, boosting the economy. Anthropology: An anthropologist would say social institutions are shaped by the culture these institutions are situated in. They would add that the institutions emulate the values and beliefs of the predominant culture and reflect their approach taken for meeting basic social needs. This ologist would say that the good the institution does for theShow MoreRelatedHistory Of Human Services At The World1362 Words   |  6 Pagesthose in need that are not able to afford services and provide the necessary treatment that they are lacking. Although, human services in Western cultures play an important part in the helping relationship in which many factors have influenced the ability and willingness to help society members. Meanwhile, there are many societal circumstances that shape helping behaviors in which reciprocity is an important aspect of human service work since, caring and giving services to those in need is the mainRead MoreEconomic Freedom Is A Key Factor For An Overall Personal 1537 Words   |  7 Pagesjobs for themselves and others. Many people are motivated by their specific interest and allowing them to put their ideas into practice will lead to prosperity. In other words, the economic liberty is the key to success and benchmark of why some society advance regarding employment while others still have unemployment issues. A privately-run business that is economically free attracts a large number of employees due to better salaries and wages. With increased rate of employment by the youth, theRead MoreRomania After The Soviet War1234 Words   |  5 Pagespost-communism, which many experts claim is due to their history. Romania experienced the most repressive society during their totalitarian communist regime’s years. As Daniel Brett said, â€Å"The culture of mistrust among both individuals and social groups predates communism; it was exploited by communism and continues to be exploited by those who fear the emergence of a genuinely autonomous civil society..† (392). The country faced problems with corruption from post communist policy makers. In 2006, to combatRead MoreThe Weaknesses of Bureaucracies in Foreign Policy1786 Words   |  7 Pagesbureaucracies might be recognised as the old traditional perspective and, perhaps, not appropriate to cope with new challenges in the modern time. Further, bureaucracies are considered as institutions that lack support from the people since their work is different from politics; they are not elected by the people, nor do they have to secure their performance in public like politicians. Thus, there might be lack of interest from public arena (Hill, 2003: 80). Moreover, the work of bureaucracies is usuallyRead MoreHistory of Social Divisions in Society and the Role of the Social Worker1505 Words   |  7 Pageshand as to have one the other must exist. As society is not egalitarian and never shall be, there will always be inequalities. These inequalities can be on both personal and structural levels. To enable us to understand power and social work we must firstly understand the theoretical explanation of the distribution of power, privilege, prestige and powerlessness within western society by looking at social divisions, class and their positions within society. Marx was interested in the theories ofRead MoreEssay on Social Darwinism1197 Words   |  5 Pagescharacteristics. This new theory was radical and interesting to the scientific world but its effects reach far beyond this small institution of intellectuals. People applied Darwinism and its belief in survival of the fittest to all areas of life. They used it as a â€Å"natural law† which supported their actions and beliefs. Advocates manipulated the scientific doctrine to fulfill their personal needs and to justify religious beliefs, capitalism, and military conquests.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Darwinism greatly impacted the scientificRead MoreAnalysis Of Daron Acemoglu And James A. Robinson s Novel Why Nations Fail1426 Words   |  6 PagesDaron Acemoglu and James A. Robinson’s novel Why Nations Fail, they describe the two different types of institutions in which a government correlates, inclusive and extractive. Inclusive nations are exceedingly democratic and create legislation to benefit the majority, while extractive institutions are authoritative and limit the benefits to a small minority (84-89). A country’s political institution affects the accessibility to digital literature because of the improvement it enables. Digital literatureRead MoreThe Reasons For Anti Globalization Protests1263 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction According to Al-Rodhan, Globalization is defined as the process of integration across the whole world uprising from the interchange of values and ideas of different aspects including political, economical, social, environmental and cultural aspects. Advancements in technology made the process of globalization go further in recent decades. It favors people to communicate, travel and exchange the ideas. However, a coin has two sides. There are different problems carried out by the globalizationRead MoreHow Weber s Six Principles Provide Institutions With Many Benefits Essay1713 Words   |  7 PagesWeber’s six principles provide institutions with several benefits. Firstly, bureaucratic organizations are efficient. Companies or institutions that are large must have specific processes that allow smooth operation because they deal with large volumes of information, products, services and people. General Motors, governmental bodies, and large schools and universities need a bureau cratic structure to handle their complex systems. Colleges and universities provide for large amounts of students andRead MoreCellphones Are Changing Society?862 Words   |  4 PagesSocially, cellphones are changing society as a whole. While people are connecting more with the world, they are also lacking social connection as well. Reliability is a word to describe how cellphones make a difference in today’s society, while as causing harm to us as well. There’s much value in owning such a device, but that device can also become the biggest distraction. Since the beginning, humans were drawn to connection with people from very far; in today’s age, cellphones give that opportunity

How the Beatles Revolutionized Rock Music free essay sample

It isnt an accident that the sixties represented the cultural end of the shadow of World War Two hanging over society: of people beginning to forget about rationing and planning, and a generation of young people express themselves politically, socially and as consumers. The Beetles came to America after the assassination of John F. Kennedy in hope to lift spirits and inspire people kick at the world in a different light. They invented serious rock music, which some saw as good and bad, but really The Beetles wanted to change the world for the better.Society began to become less restrictive and people eventually came to feel more free and able to express themselves. The Beetles changed how music was seen and heard all over the world, not just America or Britain. People now thought of musicians as serious artists. Paul McCarty and John Lemons songs included a range of people and their stories, which caught the attention of the listeners. We will write a custom essay sample on How the Beatles Revolutionized Rock Music or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page John Lennox also included politics in his music that people really didnt understand.He included political aspects of the whole world in his songs but hid it under his beautiful music and lyrics, so people began to fall in love with music that most of the time they did not truly understand the meanings to. The Beetles even changed how and what music was written about. Shod was one of the first serious and literary takes on modern music. People arched for hidden meanings; they played songs backwards; they wondered about the characters who inspired and filled the music. The Beetles music even changed the way people wanted to use technology. Television and culture became more creative and imaginative.They were the highlighted subject of the first live global satellite television broadcast in 1967. In 1968 they decided to own their own record company, Apple Records. The result was that American releases contained the Apple label while British releases did not (at first). The Beetles self contained record label was one of their most magnificent ideas Radio stations at the time used to only play on AM radio and only allowed three minute songs to be played. When Hey Jude was released, radio changed music to FM radio and allowed the 7 h minute song to be played all the way through. After that, all bands of that time made songs of seven minutes or longer and were able to have their whole songs played without being cut off by the three minute limit of the AM radio. The Beetles music made a drastic change from start to finish. As they were first starting out, Britain was known as a stuffy, hidebound, class ridden society. The Beetles made Britain feel a better place and more dynamic and cool to people across the world. They made a transition from a couple of boys from Liverpool being nervous, and hesitant with their rudimentary harmonies to their psychedelic experimentation. The white Album and Abbey Road still to this day is spellbinding and dazzling in its journey. It is conventional wisdom in rock circles to praise The Beetles later work, to see the apex of theirs serious music, but their early songs contain only a totally infections, joyful spirit and exuberance. The 1963-64 singles, She Loves You and I Want to Hold Your Hand show their musicianship, songwriting and lyrics and collective sound all maturing, but it is the catchy, irresistible yeah, yeah, yeah which defines that era.Fifty years later still talking about the Beetles. It is true that rock has become part of the conservatism of popular culture. Our fascination with the Beetles is about more than this and the sheer ingenuity, exuberance and range of the music. It is about where and what the sixties and the Beetles place in them represents Although many different musical acts hold variously scattered chart-topping arresting successes, no specific artist has ever come close to the nearly inexplicable global phenomenon the Beetles enjoyed in the Spring of 1964.

Facing Poverty with a Rich Girls Habits free essay sample

Title: â€Å"Facing Poverty with a Rich Girl’s Habits† By: Shaina Coleman Professor: Heather Silano Course: English Composition 115 Date: January 22, 2012 This essay tells about how a Korean girl went from being wealthy to her family going Bankrupt. After her father loses everything that mattered to them, things started to fall apart. The author Suki Kim is the person being described in this essay. This is her autobiography. The most important points in her life were (pg. 62) that when she started middle school, her father went bankrupt and lost everything that mattered to the family. She was then moved to Queens, New York in the 1980’s. Suki had difficulty adjusting to the American culture. She didn’t know a thing about how to speak English. The supporting details are that in the essay (pg. 63), it states she watched â€Å"Three’s Company† in an attempt to learn English. She also states that what was more brutal than learning English was facing poverty with a rich girl’s habits and memory. We will write a custom essay sample on Facing Poverty with a Rich Girls Habits or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page At age 13, she took public transportation to school for the first time instead of being driven by a chauffer. She never had homework without a tutor helping her, or having to do her own laundry. These statements tell me that she is now learning to be independent and experiencing on being a middle class teenager, since she is no longer rich. She has to now do her own chores, and ride a bus back and forth to school every day. The writer’s purpose in genre is that she is now a Korean-American who once lived wealthy in Korea and then was moved to the big city of Queens, New York in the 1980’s, then was forced to learn English. The audience is for anybody who reads her story. I think this essay is for everyone of all ages. The author’s tone towards her readers was that she was calm about having to make her own decisions. She seemed to adjust very well in her new environment. She changed her whole lifestyle very abrubtly. The emotional response to this essay was that she had to find everything within her power to fit in with the crowd. References: The McGraw-Hill Guide: Writing for College, Writing for Life 2nd Edition 2011-Roen/Glau/Maid Pgs 62-64