Factors that Negatively Effect Fetal Development Essay -- essays resea

Factors that Negatively Effect Fetal DevelopmentPregnant women that smoke cig atomic number 18ttes on a daily basis thunder mug greatly harm their fetus. The tobacco smoke in cigarettes greatly reduces fetal reaping through the forepart of nicotine, carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, cadmium and various other aromatic hydrocarbons, tho the two most dangerous chemicals that are found in cigarettes are nicotine and carbon monoxide. Nicotine causes the babies heart rate to speed up, reduces transplacental vascularisation, constricts the placental arteries, and thickens the endothelium of placental blood vessels. This creates a reduction in the placental blood flow, and moreover reductions in oxygen delivery. As well nicotine interferes with the ability of the placenta to feed the despoil the food for thoughts it requires. Therefore the babies return is slowed down. Carbon monoxide causes growing cells to be starved of oxygen, and do the brain. This can lead to a low own wei ght and high chance of the baby dying at birth. Smoking is the single largest modifiable( changeable) try factor in fetal growth retardation. Maternal smoking during maternal quality is likewise associated with genetic defects as well as an increased incidence of congenital malformations such as cleft palates, microcephalus, and clubfoot. Mothers who smoke one litter a day during pregnancy have an 85% increased pretend of having a child with psychological retardation. Mothers that smoke during their pregnancy have twice the chance of having a child with behavural problems.Another one of the biggest factors that disrupts fetal growth and development is intoxicant. This is a very common substance abuse of big(predicate) women. Everytime the with child(predicate) mother is drinking, her fetus is also drinking. The alcohol crosses the placental barrier, and goes right away into the fetuss liver. The ethanol found in alcohol may impair the nutrient support of the fetus. Acetal dehyde, a major metabolite, crosses the placenta and is teratogenic. Since the alcohol stays in the fetus for a long time, the small liver is unable to metabolize the alcohol. The alcohol also travels through the blood stream going directly to the babys brain, and this can damage the central nervous system. The common, severe, and hazardous emplacement effect that happens to the fetus because of alcohol is Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. This is a very serious side effect that has lasting and sometimes ... ...e the death of the fetus. Pregnant women should distant themselves from concentrated metals. such as, lead and methyl mercury which can harm the fetus. either pregnant women should be aware and cautious about contacting a disease. whatever of the diseases are fatal and very hazardous to the fetus, while some just have minor effects on the fetus. Many of the diseases contacted by pregnant mothers are sexually contacted diseases. Some examples of these diseases are Aids, and Gonorrh ea. There are also other non-related diseases such as, three-day measles, and Toxoplasmolisis and, which can affect the fetus.Toxoplasmolisis is a bacterial infection. This is a parasitic disease that can effect the fetus, by causing growth retardation.Another harmful disease that can affect the fetus is rubella or otherwise called German Measles. Pregnant woman that have Rubella during the first trimester can effect the fetus and cause a syndrome of birth defects called congenital rubella syndrome. This can cause deafness, cataracts, congenital heart disease, and mental retardation.In conclusion, pregnant women should try to avoid all substances that can be potentially harmful to the fetus within them.